6 Types of Squirrels in West Virginia

How many squirrel species live in West Virginia?

There are four breeding squirrel species in West Virginia. The most common is the eastern gray squirrel, followed by the fox squirrel, red squirrel, and the nocturnal southern flying squirrel. The gray squirrel is the one people see most often in parks and neighborhoods. Each species has adapted to the specific forest types found across the Mountain State, ensuring that squirrels are a common sight no matter where you are traveling.

What are the key identification markers for each species?

Eastern gray squirrels have gray fur with white underparts and a bushy tail. Fox squirrels are larger with reddish or brownish fur and orange-tipped hairs. Red squirrels are smaller, reddish above, white below, and have ear tufts in winter. Southern flying squirrels are small, grayish-brown with a white belly and a gliding membrane from wrist to ankle. For more details, visit oursquirrel animal hub. Pay close attention to the size and tail color, as these are often the most visible traits from a distance.

Where in West Virginia are you most likely to spot each species?

Eastern gray squirrels are found statewide in hardwood forests and suburban areas. Fox squirrels prefer more open woodlands and farm edges, especially in the eastern panhandle. Red squirrels favor coniferous forests in higher elevations like the Allegheny Mountains. Southern flying squirrels are widespread but rarely seen due to their nocturnal habits. Learn more aboutWest Virginia wildlife.

See ourstate animal guidefor the next step. Riparian zones along the Ohio and Kanawha rivers are excellent places to start your search for the more common gray squirrels.

When is the best time of day or year for squirrel sightings?

Early morning and late afternoon are the most active times for all species. Fall is especially good because squirrels are gathering nuts and are more visible. Spring also offers good sightings as they forage after winter. Winter can be quieter, but red squirrels remain active in cold weather. During the heat of a summer afternoon, most squirrels will retreat to their nests or leafy drays to stay cool.

How do you tell an eastern gray squirrel from a fox squirrel?

Fox squirrels are noticeably larger and bulkier than gray squirrels. Fox squirrels have a reddish or orange cast to their fur, especially on the underside of the tail, while gray squirrels are predominantly gray with white belly. Fox squirrels also have a broader, less bushy tail. If the squirrel has white ear tufts, it's a red squirrel. The fox squirrel's face is also more square and rugged compared to the more delicate features of the gray squirrel.

What is the best way to identify a red squirrel?

Red squirrels are smaller, approximately half the size of a gray squirrel. They have reddish brown fur on the back and white on the belly. In winter, they develop prominent ear tufts. They are highly vocal and often chatter loudly when disturbed. They are most common in coniferous forests, particularly in the higher elevations of the Monongahela National Forest where spruce and fir trees are abundant.

How can you confirm a southern flying squirrel sighting?

Southern flying squirrels are the smallest, about 8 to 10 inches including tail. They are nocturnal and rarely seen during day. Key identification: loose skin along sides between front and hind legs, large dark eyes for night vision, and they often glide between trees. Listen for soft chirps at night. If you have a bird feeder, you might occasionally spot them visiting after dark if you use a red-light flashlight.

What squirrel-themed apparel is available for West Virginia wildlife watchers?

If you like squirrel spotting and want to wear your interest, here are a few options: ### Wild Wings Wildlife T-Shirt Gray Squirrel Unisex Graphic Tee For Men & Women

This shirt shows a realistic gray squirrel design, perfect for field trips. High quality 100% cotton print on front.Check Price and Availability

Squirrel Lover Vintage T-Shirt

A vintage style tee for squirrel fans. Great conversation starter.Check Price and Availability

Squirrel Shirt. Squirrel Gift. Funny Squirrel Shirt.

Fun design for anyone who loves squirrels. Lightweight and comfortable.Check Price and AvailabilityBrowse our fullsquirrel t-shirts selectionfor more options.

Frequently asked questions about squirrels in West Virginia?

**Are there any invasive squirrel species in West Virginia?** No, all four species are native. The eastern gray squirrel is common and not considered invasive.

**Do squirrels hibernate in West Virginia?** Only the southern flying squirrel may enter torpor, but true hibernation doesn't occur. Gray squirrels remain active year-round.

**What is the best food to attract squirrels for viewing?** Whole corn, sunflower seeds, and peanuts in a feeder can draw them in. Place feeders near trees for natural cover.

For more species information, visit oursquirrel guide.

See ourtour planning ideasfor the next step.

What role do squirrels play in West Virginia's forest ecosystems?

Squirrels are essential to the health of West Virginia's forests. By burying acorns and other nuts, they act as primary seed dispersers for many tree species, including oak and hickory. Any nuts that are forgotten or not retrieved in the winter have a high chance of germinating and growing into new trees. This natural process helps maintain the forest canopy and ensures the continued growth of hardwood timber across the state.

How do fox squirrels differ in their habitat choice compared to gray squirrels?

While both species overlap, fox squirrels prefer more open, park-like settings with scattered large trees and less dense undergrowth. You are more likely to find them on the edges of agricultural fields or in mature woodlots in the eastern panhandle. Gray squirrels, conversely, thrive in denser forests with a thick understory, making them the dominant species in the heavily wooded mountains and suburban neighborhoods where ornamental trees provide dense cover.

Are there black squirrels in West Virginia?

Yes, black squirrels are occasionally spotted in West Virginia, though they are not a separate species. They are actually a melanistic color phase of the eastern gray squirrel. These individuals have a genetic mutation that causes their fur to be entirely black. While they are more common in some northern states, they do appear in West Virginia, particularly in urban areas where the dark color doesn't seem to hinder their survival as much as it might in a more rural, predator-rich environment.