Squirrels in South Dakota: where to look and what signs to watch for

Where are squirrels most likely in South Dakota?

Squirrels are widespread across the state but are most common in the Black Hills National Forest and along the Missouri River breaks. Look for them in mature oak, hickory, and pine forests. Urban parks in Rapid City and Sioux Falls also hold healthy populations. Start with places that have large nut-producing trees.

See our state wildlife page for the next step.

In South Dakota, squirrels sightings usually improve when you slow down and match your first stop to where the animal is most likely in the state. Use the state wildlife hub and the route guide to narrow your first area, then check access, weather, and distance before you settle in. A short walk with one clear viewing plan often beats covering too much ground, especially when habitat changes fast from open edges to brush, wetlands, timber, shoreline, or neighborhood cover.

What time of day are squirrels most active?

Squirrels are crepuscular, meaning they are most active at dawn and dusk. In South Dakota, the best viewing windows are the first two hours after sunrise and the last two hours before sunset. During midday heat they often rest in nests or shady branches.

See our Squirrels guide for the next step.

How can you identify squirrel tracks and other field signs?

Squirrel tracks show four toes on the front feet and five on the hind, with the hind feet landing ahead of the front in a bounding pattern. Look for chewed pine cones, stripped bark, and small piles of nut shells under trees. Listen for rustling leaves and chattering calls.

See our state animal guide for the next step.

What squirrel species can you expect to see in South Dakota?

The eastern gray squirrel is common in the eastern half of the state, while the fox squirrel is found statewide. The red squirrel prefers coniferous forests in the Black Hills. The northern flying squirrel is nocturnal and rarely seen. Each species has distinct size and coloration: gray squirrels are silver-gray, fox squirrels are reddish, and red squirrels are small with white eye rings.

When is the best season to spot squirrels in South Dakota?

Late summer through fall is prime time. Squirrels are busy gathering acorns and seeds, making them more visible. Spring also offers good activity as they forage after winter. Winter sightings are possible on sunny days, but activity drops in deep cold.