Hammerhead Shark in Hawaii: what to know before you start looking

Yes, several species of hammerhead shark inhabit Hawaiian waters. The scalloped hammerhead is the most frequently encountered, especially around the Hawaiian Islands. Great hammerheads also occur but are less common. Hammerheads are pelagic and often found in deeper waters, but they can come closer to shore in certain conditions.

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The most reliable spot is the north shore of Oahu, particularly off the coast of Haleiwa, where shark tour operators frequently encounter hammerheads. Molokai has also been known for scalloped hammerhead aggregations. For a shore-based chance, try the rocky points of Maui’s south coast at dawn or dusk, though sightings are rare. Deeper waters near the outer reefs of any island could produce a sighting.

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Summer months (May through September) tend to bring warmer water and clearer visibility, which can improve your chances. However, hammerheads are present year-round. The best timing is early morning when many sharks are more active. Shark tour operators run trips daily, and summer generally has calmer seas for boat trips.

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The easiest clue is the distinctive hammer-shaped head, called a cephalofoil. No other shark has a head that wide and flat. The eyes are on the outer edges of the hammer. From a distance, they often swim with a side-to-side head motion. If you see a shark with a broad, flattened head, you are likely looking at a hammerhead.

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Stay calm and do not make sudden movements. Hammerheads are generally not aggressive toward people and are often shy. Maintain eye contact and slowly back away. Do not block their path or try to touch them. If you are on a tour, follow the guide's instructions. Most encounters are peaceful and memorable.