15 Types of Snakes in Michigan
Michigan is home to 18 snake species, only one of which is venomous. Most encounters happen in the Lower Peninsula near water or wooded edges. Start your identification by looking at head shape, scale texture, and pattern. This guide covers the types you are most likely to see and how to tell them apart.
By Tim, founder of Easy Street Markets. I maintain the wildlife database and verify every animal and source myself. Updated June 6, 2026.
- 8
- species recorded
- May, June, April
- peak months
Verified species, source iNaturalist
15 types of snakes recorded in Michigan
15 snake species have a verified observation record in Michigan across snakes (suborder Serpentes), each with at least 10 confirmed sightings. The full list, ranked by how often each is recorded, is below.
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Also recorded in Michigan
| # | Species | Scientific name | Records |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | Central RatsnakePantherophis alleghaniensis | Pantherophis alleghaniensis | 177 |
| 14 | Butler's Garter SnakeThamnophis butleri | Thamnophis butleri | 170 |
| 15 | QueensnakeRegina septemvittata | Regina septemvittata | 24 |
Plus 3 more recorded only rarely (fewer than 10 verified sightings). Counts from verified iNaturalist observations. Photos by iNaturalist observers, reused under the licence each observer chose.
Real sighting data, source iNaturalist
16,240 verified observations on iNaturalist of snake have been recorded in Michigan, most often in May, June, April.
When snake are recorded in Michigan
Michigan is home to 18 snake species, only one of which is venomous. Most encounters happen in the Lower Peninsula near water or wooded edges. Start your identification by looking at head shape, scale texture, and pattern. This guide covers the types you are most likely to see and how to tell them apart.
What are the most common snakes in Michigan?
The garter snake is by far the most widespread. You will also routinely come across northern water snakes, brown snakes, and red-bellied snakes. Less common but still regularly seen are eastern milk snakes and smooth green snakes. For a full visual reference, check oursnake identification hub.
In Michigan, snakes sightings usually improve when you slow down and match your first stop to the most useful ID markers and likely lookalikes. Use thestate wildlife huband theroute guideto narrow your first area, then check access, weather, and distance before you settle in. A short walk with one clear viewing plan often beats covering too much ground, especially when habitat changes fast from open edges to brush, wetlands, timber, shoreline, or neighborhood cover.
How can you identify a snake by its head shape and scales?
Head shape is a quick clue: vipers have arrow-shaped heads, while most Michigan colubrids have narrower heads. Scale texture matters too. Keeled scales (with a ridge) feel rough and are typical of garter snakes and water snakes. Smooth scales, like those of the smooth green snake, feel glossy. Learn more about scale types in ourMichigan wildlife guide.
Where in Michigan do people usually spot snakes first?
The best odds are in the southern Lower Peninsula, especially around marshes, lakes, and forests. Northern water snakes are often seen basking on logs near water. Garter snakes turn up in gardens and under debris. In the Upper Peninsula, sightings are less frequent but you may find red-bellied snakes in damp woods.
See ourstate animal guidefor the next step.
What is the best season for snake sightings in Michigan?
Snakes emerge from hibernation in April, but the best window for confident sightings is May through September. Mornings after rain and late afternoons on sunny days offer the highest activity. In October, most snakes start bedding down for winter.
How do you tell apart lookalike species?
The northern water snake is often mistaken for the venomous cottonmouth (which does not live in Michigan). Look for the water snake's dark bands that widen toward the back and its flat, not wedge-shaped, head. The eastern milk snake resembles a rattlesnake with its blotched pattern, but its tail lacks a rattle. The easiest way to separate them: milk snakes have smooth scales; massasauga rattlesnakes have keeled scales.
Which snake in Michigan is venomous?
The eastern massasauga rattlesnake is Michigan's only venomous species. It is a pit viper with a segmented rattle, heat-sensing pits, and a triangular head. Its range is mostly in the Lower Peninsula in wetlands and old fields. They are shy and bites are very rare. Always give them space.
What should you do if you find a snake in your yard?
Leave it alone. Most snakes are harmless and help control rodents. If you need to move one, gently spray it with a garden hose or cover it with a bucket and slide a piece of cardboard underneath. Never try to handle a snake unless you are completely certain of its species.
Where can you find snake-themed gear to show your interest?
If you want to wear your snake appreciation, check out thesnake t-shirtsat Easy Street Markets. Here are a few options:
Rattlesnake Graphic T-Shirt
A rugged design that captures the look of a rattlesnake. Great for field trips.Check Price and Availability
Green Viper Snake T-Shirt
Bright green viper illustration on a soft tee.Check Price and Availability
Retro Cute Snake T-Shirt
A playful, retro design for a lighter take on snake appreciation.Check Price and Availability
Frequently Asked Questions about Michigan Snakes
**Are there copperheads in Michigan?** No. Copperheads do not live in Michigan. The only venomous snake is the eastern massasauga rattlesnake.
**Can I keep a snake I found as a pet?** It is generally not recommended. Wild snakes do not adapt well to captivity, and it is illegal to take some species without a permit.
**What is the largest snake in Michigan?** The blue racer can reach up to 6 feet in length, but reports of larger ones exist.
**Do snakes chase people?** No. Snakes flee or freeze; they do not chase. If one moves toward you, it is likely trying to find cover.
See ourtour planning ideasfor the next step.
Gear and field guides
Frequently asked questions
What are the most common snakes in Michigan?+
The garter snake is by far the most widespread. You will also routinely come across northern water snakes, brown snakes, and red-bellied snakes. Less common but still regularly seen are eastern milk snakes and smooth green snakes. For a full visual reference, check oursnake identification hub. In Michigan, snakes sightings usually improve when you slow down and match your first stop to the most useful ID markers and likely lookalikes. Use thestate wildlife huband theroute guideto narrow your first area, then check access, weather, and distance before you settle in. A short walk with one clear viewing plan often beats covering too much ground, especially when habitat changes fast from open edges to brush, wetlands, timber, shoreline, or neighborhood cover.
How can you identify a snake by its head shape and scales?+
Head shape is a quick clue: vipers have arrow-shaped heads, while most Michigan colubrids have narrower heads. Scale texture matters too. Keeled scales (with a ridge) feel rough and are typical of garter snakes and water snakes. Smooth scales, like those of the smooth green snake, feel glossy. Learn more about scale types in ourMichigan wildlife guide.
Where in Michigan do people usually spot snakes first?+
The best odds are in the southern Lower Peninsula, especially around marshes, lakes, and forests. Northern water snakes are often seen basking on logs near water. Garter snakes turn up in gardens and under debris. In the Upper Peninsula, sightings are less frequent but you may find red-bellied snakes in damp woods. See ourstate animal guidefor the next step.
What is the best season for snake sightings in Michigan?+
Snakes emerge from hibernation in April, but the best window for confident sightings is May through September. Mornings after rain and late afternoons on sunny days offer the highest activity. In October, most snakes start bedding down for winter.
How do you tell apart lookalike species?+
The northern water snake is often mistaken for the venomous cottonmouth (which does not live in Michigan). Look for the water snake's dark bands that widen toward the back and its flat, not wedge-shaped, head. The eastern milk snake resembles a rattlesnake with its blotched pattern, but its tail lacks a rattle. The easiest way to separate them: milk snakes have smooth scales; massasauga rattlesnakes have keeled scales.
Which snake in Michigan is venomous?+
The eastern massasauga rattlesnake is Michigan's only venomous species. It is a pit viper with a segmented rattle, heat-sensing pits, and a triangular head. Its range is mostly in the Lower Peninsula in wetlands and old fields. They are shy and bites are very rare. Always give them space.
What should you do if you find a snake in your yard?+
Leave it alone. Most snakes are harmless and help control rodents. If you need to move one, gently spray it with a garden hose or cover it with a bucket and slide a piece of cardboard underneath. Never try to handle a snake unless you are completely certain of its species.
Where can you find snake-themed gear to show your interest?+
If you want to wear your snake appreciation, check out thesnake t-shirtsat Easy Street Markets. Here are a few options: ### Rattlesnake Graphic T-Shirt A rugged design that captures the look of a rattlesnake. Great for field trips.Check Price and Availability ### Green Viper Snake T-Shirt Bright green viper illustration on a soft tee.Check Price and Availability ### Retro Cute Snake T-Shirt A playful, retro design for a lighter take on snake appreciation.Check Price and Availability
Keep exploring
More places to see snake
More wildlife in Michigan