Coyotes in Wisconsin: where to look and what signs to watch for

Coyotes are highly adaptable and can be found statewide. They prefer mixed landscapes like agricultural fields bordered by woodlands, brushy coulees in the Driftless Area, and pine barrens in the north. In recent years, they've also become common in suburban parks and large city parks in Milwaukee and Madison. Start with areas that have good cover and abundant small prey.

Coyotes are most active during dusk, dawn, and overnight. In winter, they may hunt during the day if food is scarce. For best spotting odds, go on early morning or evening hikes along field edges or quiet roads. Their activity peaks during the breeding season from January to March and again when pups are learning to hunt in late summer.

Start by learning to identify coyote tracks: they are oval shaped, about 2-3 inches long, with four toes and visible claw marks. The stride is about 12-15 inches when walking. Coyote scat is often twisted and tapered, full of fur and small bones. Watch for scratch marks on logs or ground where they've been digging for voles. Listen for high-pitched howls and yips, especially in the evening.

See our state animal guide for the next step.

Coyotes are smaller than wolves but larger than foxes. A gray wolf's track is over 4 inches long, while a coyote's is 2-3 inches. Red foxes have much smaller tracks and a bushy white-tipped tail. Coyotes hold their tails down when running, whereas foxes carry theirs horizontally. If you need more help, check our coyote identification guide for side-by-side comparisons.

Stay calm and keep your distance. Do not run. If the coyote approaches, wave your arms, make loud noises, or throw small objects to scare it away. This is called hazing and helps keep coyotes wary of humans. In Wisconsin, it's legal to protect pets and livestock, but shooting requires a valid license. Encourage neighbors to remove attractants like pet food and bird feeders.