Snakes in North Dakota: identification guide and best places to start

Where are snakes most likely to be seen in North Dakota?

You will most often notice snakes in the Missouri River Valley, along the Little Missouri River, and in the badlands of western North Dakota. Prairie grasslands, wetland edges, and rocky slopes are prime spots. In the eastern part of the state, look near lakes and marshes where garter snakes hunt amphibians. Start by checking sunny south-facing slopes in the morning when snakes bask.

In North Dakota, snakes sightings usually improve when you slow down and match your first stop to where people are most likely to notice them. Use the state wildlife hub and the route guide to narrow your first area, then check access, weather, and distance before you settle in. A short walk with one clear viewing plan often beats covering too much ground, especially when habitat changes fast from open edges to brush, wetlands, timber, shoreline, or neighborhood cover.

What time of year are snakes most active in North Dakota?

Snakes emerge from brumation in April and stay active until October. Peak activity occurs from late May through early September when temperatures are warmest. On hot summer days, they are most active in the early morning and late afternoon. After a rain, especially in spring, you have better odds of spotting them crossing trails or roads near water.

How can you identify common North Dakota snakes?

Start with these simple cues: Garter snakes have three light stripes running the length of their body. Plains hognose snake has an upturned snout and can flatten its head like a cobra. Prairie rattlesnake has a distinct rattle and heat-sensing pits between eyes and nostrils. Bullsnake has a blotched pattern and often hisses loudly. For more detailed identification, see our snake identification guide.

See our state animal guide for the next step.

What species of snakes live in North Dakota?

North Dakota has 8 native snake species: Plains garter snake, Common garter snake, Red-sided garter snake, Plains hognose snake, Bullsnake, Smooth green snake, Prairie rattlesnake, and Western fox snake. Only the Prairie rattlesnake is venomous. You can find range maps on the North Dakota wildlife page.

How to stay safe while snake spotting?

Give snakes space, especially the Prairie rattlesnake. Wear sturdy boots and long pants when hiking in badlands. Do not reach into rock crevices or under logs without looking. Most bites happen when people try to handle or kill snakes. A walking stick can help you check the path ahead. If you hear a rattle, stop and back away slowly.